Iran paves over mass grave of 1979 revolution victims, turning it into a parking lot
DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES—A desert-like patch of sand and scrawny trees in the largest cemetery in Iran’s capital has been the final resting place for decades for some of the thousands killed in the mass executions that followed Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution.
Now, Lot 41 at the sprawling Behesht-e Zahra cemetery in Tehran is becoming a parking lot, with their remains likely beneath asphalt.
Images from Planet Labs PBC show the parking lot being laid over the site, where opponents of Iran’s nascent theocracy and others were rapidly buried following their executions at gunpoint or by hanging.
The site, long monitored by surveillance cameras searching for any sign of dissent or remembrance at what officials have referred to as the “scorched section,” has seen state-sponsored demolition in the past, with grave markers vandalized and overturned. Iranian officials have acknowledged the recent decision to build the parking lot, without going into detail about those buried there.
That’s as a United Nations special rapporteur in 2024 described Iran’s destruction of graveyards as an effort to “conceal or erase data that could serve as potential evidence to avoid legal accountability” over its actions.
“Most of the graves and gravestones of dissidents were desecrated, and the trees in the section were deliberately dried out,” said Shahin Nasiri, a lecturer at the University of Amsterdam who has researched Lot 41. “The decision to convert this section into a parking lot fits into this broader pattern and represents the final phase of the destruction process.”
Last week, both a Tehran deputy mayor and the cemetery’s manager acknowledged the plans to create a parking lot on the site.
“In this place, hypocrites of the early days of the revolution were buried and it has remained without change for years,” Tehran’s Deputy Mayor Davood Goudarzi told journalists in footage aired by state television. “We proposed that the authorities reorganize the space. Since we needed a parking lot, the permission for the preparation of the space was received. The job is ongoing in a precise and smart way.”
Israel bombing deaths
The satellite photos show the work began in earnest at the start of August. An Aug. 18 image shows about half of Lot 41 freshly paved over, with construction material still on site. Trucks and piles of asphalt can be seen at the site, suggesting work continued.
The reformist newspaper Shargh quoted Mohammad Javad Tajik, who oversees the Behesht-e Zahra cemetery, as saying the parking lot would help people visit a neighboring lot, where authorities plan to bury those killed in the Iran-Israel war in June.
A major airstrike campaign by Israel killed prominent military generals and others, with government officials putting the death toll at more than 1,060 people killed, with an activist group putting it at over 1,190.
The decision to repurpose the graveyard appears to clash with Iran’s own regulations, which allow for a cemetery to repurpose land where internments took place after more than 30 years—as long as families of the dead agree with the decision.
An outspoken lawyer in Iran, Mohsen Borhani, publicly criticized the decision to pave over the graveyard as neither moral nor legal in an interview with Shargh.
“The piece was not only for executed and political people. Ordinary people were buried there, too,” he reportedly said.
It remains unclear whether human remains sit beneath the layer of asphalt or if Iranian authorities moved the bones of the dead there. However, Iran has destroyed other graveyards in recent years for those killed in its 1988 mass execution that saw thousands put to death, leaving their bones there.
